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									Bob Tait Aviation Theory Forum - Recent Posts				            </title>
            <link>https://bobtait.com.au/community/</link>
            <description>Bob Tait Aviation Theory Discussion Board</description>
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                        <title>What’s the best way to estimate small home projects?</title>
                        <link>https://bobtait.com.au/community/helpful-tips-and-resources/whats-the-best-way-to-estimate-small-home-projects/#post-16657</link>
                        <pubDate>Wed, 22 Apr 2026 10:20:07 +0000</pubDate>
                        <description><![CDATA[Estimating small home projects is not very difficult, but it needs a clear and simple approach. First, you should review the scope of work and understand all requirements like materials, lab...]]></description>
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<p data-start="0" data-end="580" data-is-last-node="" data-is-only-node="">Estimating small home projects is not very difficult, but it needs a clear and simple approach. First, you should review the scope of work and understand all requirements like materials, labor, and time. Then, checking current market prices and using past project data can help make a quick and realistic budget. It is also important to add a small contingency to avoid unexpected costs. Many contractors take help from professional <a href="https://tylerestimating.com/residential-estimating-services/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">residential estimators</a> because they make the process faster and more accurate, especially when time is limited and budget control is important.</p>
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						                            <category domain="https://bobtait.com.au/community/"></category>                        <dc:creator>NoraSilas</dc:creator>
                        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://bobtait.com.au/community/helpful-tips-and-resources/whats-the-best-way-to-estimate-small-home-projects/#post-16657</guid>
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                        <title>POWER OUTAGE.</title>
                        <link>https://bobtait.com.au/community/important-news/power-outage/#post-16656</link>
                        <pubDate>Wed, 22 Apr 2026 07:29:54 +0000</pubDate>
                        <description><![CDATA[Apologies, our servers were unavailable for most of 22 April after the Council shut down power to the airport. We experienced some difficulty restoring the server systems once power was retu...]]></description>
                        <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Apologies, our servers were unavailable for most of 22 April after the Council shut down power to the airport. We experienced some difficulty restoring the server systems once power was returned. Services should now be back online and operating normally.</p>]]></content:encoded>
						                            <category domain="https://bobtait.com.au/community/"></category>                        <dc:creator>Bob Taits admin</dc:creator>
                        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://bobtait.com.au/community/important-news/power-outage/#post-16656</guid>
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                        <title>RE: RPL-N exam study</title>
                        <link>https://bobtait.com.au/community/rpl-ppl/rpl-n-exam-study/#post-16655</link>
                        <pubDate>Mon, 20 Apr 2026 23:02:11 +0000</pubDate>
                        <description><![CDATA[Justin, we get this question a lot. The best advice is to study all of Books 1 and 2, because extra knowledge never goes astray in aviation.
That said, if you are trying to use your time ef...]]></description>
                        <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Justin, we get this question a lot. The best advice is to study <strong>all of Books 1 and 2</strong>, because extra knowledge never goes astray in aviation.</p>
<p>That said, if you are trying to use your time efficiently, place particular emphasis on the areas most commonly examined in the <strong>RPL-N</strong> syllabus, especially <strong>air law, meteorology, navigation, flight planning, human factors and performance</strong>.</p>
<p>In other words, do not ignore any section completely, but give the greatest attention to the subjects that directly affect planning and conducting a day VFR navigation flight.</p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>]]></content:encoded>
						                            <category domain="https://bobtait.com.au/community/"></category>                        <dc:creator>Bob Taits admin</dc:creator>
                        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://bobtait.com.au/community/rpl-ppl/rpl-n-exam-study/#post-16655</guid>
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                        <title>RE: IREX Questions</title>
                        <link>https://bobtait.com.au/community/instrument-rating-irex/irex-questions/#post-16654</link>
                        <pubDate>Mon, 20 Apr 2026 22:59:13 +0000</pubDate>
                        <description><![CDATA[Thanks for the questions. There are a few different rules crossing over here, so it is easy to get tangled up in the wording.
For the PAL alternate question, the extra 30 minutes holding fu...]]></description>
                        <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Thanks for the questions. There are a few different rules crossing over here, so it is easy to get tangled up in the wording.</p>
<p>For the <strong>PAL alternate</strong> question, the extra <strong>30 minutes holding fuel</strong> is a <strong>night</strong> requirement, not a day requirement. The key is to read AIP ENR 1.1 para 10.7.4.4 in context. Paragraphs 10.7.4.1, 10.7.4.2 and 10.7.4.3 all begin with <strong>“When a flight is planned to land at night…”</strong>, and para 10.7.4.4 then continues that same runway-lighting alternate theme by saying that an aerodrome served by PAL may be nominated as an alternate, provided the aircraft has either <strong>dual VHF</strong>, or <strong>single VHF plus HF and 30 minutes holding fuel</strong>. Para 10.7.4.5 then adds that these lighting-based alternate requirements do not apply if the aircraft carries holding fuel for <strong>first light plus 10 minutes</strong> at the destination. So for exam purposes, if the issue is an alternate with PAL, the 30-minute holding fuel requirement applies to the <strong>night landing</strong> case.</p>
<p>On the <strong>BOD / first light plus 10 minutes</strong> point, I would not assume the exam will always hand you the time. AIP GEN 2.7 states that <strong>NAIPS automatically computes first light and last light</strong>, which tells you that this is recognised planning data and may need to be determined as part of a question unless it is given to you. In other words, sometimes the exam may give you the time to save a step, but you should still understand where it comes from.</p>
<p>On the <strong>Grid LSALT</strong> issue, the practical exam answer is that you <strong>can</strong> use it where there is no applicable published route-segment LSALT. The Aeronautical Chart User Guide says that air routes are divided into route segments and each route segment contains track, distance and LSALT. However, it then immediately says that the <strong>LSALT specified for a route segment is only valid for RNP 2 operations</strong> and that for operations other than RNP 2, pilots must use a <strong>pilot-calculated LSALT or Grid LSALT</strong>. That is the important line. So although the regulation wording refers to LSALT/MSA for the last route segment, that does not mean you are restricted only to a printed route LSALT bubble. If there is no usable published route-segment LSALT for your operation, the applicable LSALT for that final segment may be a <strong>pilot-calculated LSALT derived from Grid LSALT</strong>. The CASA Part 91 Plain English Guide is consistent with this and states that for <strong>day IFR to an aerodrome without an IAP</strong>, the alternate minima are <strong>LSALT for the final route segment plus 500 feet</strong>. </p>
<p>On the <strong>Townsville VOLMET</strong> question can you help us where that actual Question is ? If it is one of ours it will need to be amended. Based on the current AIP your answer of <strong>“the current time on VHF”</strong> is a very reasonable one. The AIP VOLMET table shows <strong>Bellenden Kerr 119.75 MHz</strong> and <strong>Mt Blackwood 119.85 MHz</strong> as <strong>H24 continuous</strong> VHF VOLMET services, and both include <strong>Townsville</strong> in their list. The same table also shows the Australian <strong>HF VOLMET</strong> as a scheduled broadcast at <strong>H+00 to H+05 and H+30 to H+35</strong>, which would make <strong>0330 on HF</strong> the next HF broadcast after 0312Z. But because Townsville is already available on <strong>continuous VHF VOLMET</strong>, the wording you quoted supports <strong>current time on VHF</strong>. I do not think this is about needing to remain on a VHF listening watch and therefore preferring HF. More likely the practice question is <strong>out of date</strong> .</p>]]></content:encoded>
						                            <category domain="https://bobtait.com.au/community/"></category>                        <dc:creator>Bob Taits admin</dc:creator>
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                        <title>RPL-N exam study</title>
                        <link>https://bobtait.com.au/community/rpl-ppl/rpl-n-exam-study/#post-16653</link>
                        <pubDate>Wed, 08 Apr 2026 11:11:50 +0000</pubDate>
                        <description><![CDATA[Hi guys,
&nbsp;
I’m studying for my RPL-N exam. To make the most efficient use of my time, is there a recommendation of what chapters to study from volume 1 and 2 please?
Cheers!]]></description>
                        <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p style="text-align: left">Hi guys,</p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p>I’m studying for my RPL-N exam. To make the most efficient use of my time, is there a recommendation of what chapters to study from volume 1 and 2 please?</p>
<p>Cheers!</p>]]></content:encoded>
						                            <category domain="https://bobtait.com.au/community/"></category>                        <dc:creator>Justin</dc:creator>
                        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://bobtait.com.au/community/rpl-ppl/rpl-n-exam-study/#post-16653</guid>
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                        <title>RE: CPL Performance Figuring out how the online course fits with the book</title>
                        <link>https://bobtait.com.au/community/bob-tait-s-aviation-theory-school-online/cpl-performance-figuring-out-how-the-online-course-fits-with-the-book/#post-16652</link>
                        <pubDate>Wed, 08 Apr 2026 03:30:11 +0000</pubDate>
                        <description><![CDATA[The CPL Performance videos are not matched to the book page-for-page, but as a rough guide:

Videos 1–3 = early performance fundamentals
Video 4 = take-off and landing performance
Videos...]]></description>
                        <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p data-start="11" data-end="106">The <strong data-start="15" data-end="83">CPL Performance videos are not matched to the book page-for-page</strong>, but as a rough guide:</p>
<ul data-start="108" data-end="425">
<li data-section-id="1w2l5gp" data-start="108" data-end="159"><strong data-start="110" data-end="124">Videos 1–3</strong> = early performance fundamentals</li>
<li data-section-id="v2dp9" data-start="160" data-end="210"><strong data-start="162" data-end="173">Video 4</strong> = take-off and landing performance</li>
<li data-section-id="ap2qis" data-start="211" data-end="269"><strong data-start="213" data-end="227">Videos 5–6</strong> = climb, cruise and descent performance</li>
<li data-section-id="peg24b" data-start="270" data-end="360"><strong data-start="272" data-end="287">Videos 7–10</strong> = navigation/performance planning topics such as GS, time, fuel and wind</li>
<li data-section-id="xat12u" data-start="361" data-end="425"><strong data-start="363" data-end="379">Videos 11–12</strong> = mixed worked examples / exam-style revision</li>
</ul>
<p data-start="427" data-end="538">So after about <strong data-start="442" data-end="453">Video 4</strong>, the course is following a <strong data-start="481" data-end="537">topic sequence rather than the exact book page order</strong>.</p>
<p data-start="540" data-end="696" data-is-last-node="" data-is-only-node="">Best way to use it is to follow the <strong data-start="576" data-end="593">book in order</strong>, and use the videos as <strong data-start="617" data-end="643">supporting explanation</strong> rather than trying to match each one to exact pages.</p>]]></content:encoded>
						                            <category domain="https://bobtait.com.au/community/"></category>                        <dc:creator>Bob Taits admin</dc:creator>
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				                    <item>
                        <title>RE: CPL Performance Figuring out how the online course fits with the book</title>
                        <link>https://bobtait.com.au/community/bob-tait-s-aviation-theory-school-online/cpl-performance-figuring-out-how-the-online-course-fits-with-the-book/#post-16651</link>
                        <pubDate>Wed, 08 Apr 2026 03:23:45 +0000</pubDate>
                        <description><![CDATA[You’re not going mad — what you’re seeing is correct.
The CPL Performance videos do not follow the book page-for-page.
While the videos do refer back to the book at times, they are structu...]]></description>
                        <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p data-start="177" data-end="230">You’re not going mad — what you’re seeing is correct.</p>
<p data-start="232" data-end="300">The <strong data-start="236" data-end="299">CPL Performance videos do not follow the book page-for-page</strong>.</p>
<p data-start="302" data-end="415">While the videos do refer back to the book at times, they are structured differently. The videos are designed to:</p>
<ul data-start="416" data-end="528">
<li data-section-id="1az4mdn" data-start="416" data-end="440">Explain key concepts</li>
<li data-section-id="fkjfni" data-start="441" data-end="473">Group similar ideas together</li>
<li data-section-id="188oorf" data-start="474" data-end="528">Build understanding in a logical teaching sequence</li>
</ul>
<p data-start="530" data-end="658">The <strong data-start="534" data-end="542">book</strong>, on the other hand, is structured as a <strong data-start="582" data-end="612">reference and study manual</strong>, with topics laid out in a more formal order.</p>
<h3 data-section-id="xgccli" data-start="665" data-end="695">What this means for you</h3>
<ul data-start="697" data-end="899">
<li data-section-id="1gxk2a8" data-start="697" data-end="751">You <strong data-start="703" data-end="751">cannot match each video to exact page ranges</strong></li>
<li data-section-id="ynot7l" data-start="752" data-end="899">Some topics in the book:
<ul data-start="781" data-end="899">
<li data-section-id="1gd9swx" data-start="781" data-end="817">are split across multiple videos</li>
<li data-section-id="1s8oqoi" data-start="820" data-end="851">appear in a different order</li>
<li data-section-id="4evdvi" data-start="854" data-end="899">or may not have a direct video equivalent</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<p data-start="901" data-end="963">This is why after Video 4 it starts to feel “out of sequence”.</p>
<h3 data-section-id="1id0q34" data-start="970" data-end="1002">Best way to use the course</h3>
<p data-start="1004" data-end="1126">Use the <strong data-start="1015" data-end="1051">book as your primary study guide</strong><br data-start="1051" data-end="1054" />Use the <strong data-start="1065" data-end="1126">videos to support understanding of the difficult concepts</strong></p>
<p data-start="1128" data-end="1196">Don’t try to force a page-to-video match — it won’t line up cleanly.</p>
<h3 data-section-id="mak8k5" data-start="1203" data-end="1222">&#x1f4cc; Key takeaway</h3>
<blockquote data-start="1224" data-end="1333">
<p data-start="1226" data-end="1333">The book teaches you <strong data-start="1247" data-end="1272">what you need to know</strong><br data-start="1272" data-end="1275" />The videos help you understand <strong data-start="1308" data-end="1333">how to think about it</strong></p>
</blockquote>]]></content:encoded>
						                            <category domain="https://bobtait.com.au/community/"></category>                        <dc:creator>Bob Taits admin</dc:creator>
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                        <title>RE: happy easter - studying hard</title>
                        <link>https://bobtait.com.au/community/introduce-yourself/happy-easter-studying-hard/#post-16650</link>
                        <pubDate>Wed, 08 Apr 2026 03:12:29 +0000</pubDate>
                        <description><![CDATA[Thank you Melanie and welcome to the forums. There is a great experience of people on here happy to help with your Questions]]></description>
                        <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Thank you Melanie and welcome to the forums. There is a great experience of people on here happy to help with your Questions</p>]]></content:encoded>
						                            <category domain="https://bobtait.com.au/community/"></category>                        <dc:creator>Bob Taits admin</dc:creator>
                        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://bobtait.com.au/community/introduce-yourself/happy-easter-studying-hard/#post-16650</guid>
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                        <title>happy easter - studying hard</title>
                        <link>https://bobtait.com.au/community/introduce-yourself/happy-easter-studying-hard/#post-16649</link>
                        <pubDate>Sat, 04 Apr 2026 03:31:27 +0000</pubDate>
                        <description><![CDATA[Hi there, just introducing myself.  on my last CPL subject - Performance.  I have been working through, self studying for about 20 months now from PPL, through IREX into CPL.  bob tait has b...]]></description>
                        <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Hi there, just introducing myself.  on my last CPL subject - Performance.  I have been working through, self studying for about 20 months now from PPL, through IREX into CPL.  bob tait has been brillant.  </p>
<p>The books are very thoughtful and from a giant math avoidance person I can follow it thorough and make passes.</p>]]></content:encoded>
						                            <category domain="https://bobtait.com.au/community/"></category>                        <dc:creator>Melanie</dc:creator>
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                        <title>CPL Performance Figuring out how the online course fits with the book</title>
                        <link>https://bobtait.com.au/community/bob-tait-s-aviation-theory-school-online/cpl-performance-figuring-out-how-the-online-course-fits-with-the-book/#post-16648</link>
                        <pubDate>Sat, 04 Apr 2026 03:27:27 +0000</pubDate>
                        <description><![CDATA[I am working my way through the book and doing the online course at the same time.  I can&#039;t figure out how the course fits with the book.
So far I have watched videos 1-6 carefully.  then l...]]></description>
                        <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I am working my way through the book and doing the online course at the same time.  I can't figure out how the course fits with the book.</p>
<p>So far I have watched videos 1-6 carefully.  then looked through 7-12 to see how it fits, but cannot make them work against the book.</p>
<p>Video 1 - Pages 1-5</p>
<p>Video 2 - Pages 6-14??</p>
<p>video 3 - Pages 16 - 19??</p>
<p>Video 4 - Pages 22 - 65?</p>
<p>Video 5 - pages 67 - 109 - but there does not seem to be any video on climb gradient, GS and time interval, </p>
<p>Video 6 - pages 137 -?</p>
<p>Video 7 - jumps back to page 110 - 119??</p>
<p>Video 8 - pages 120 - 136??</p>
<p>Video 9 - pages 139 - 150?? - this video just starts in the middle of a sentence</p>
<p>Video 10 - pages 151 - ?</p>
<p>Videos 11 and 12, I can't figure out how they fit in.</p>
<p>the problem is, after video 4 it appears to be chaotic for videos 5-12.</p>
<p>Can someone help me out with the structure please.</p>]]></content:encoded>
						                            <category domain="https://bobtait.com.au/community/"></category>                        <dc:creator>Melanie</dc:creator>
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